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Posted in Math Blog. Furthermore, he connected this with the existence of the day and night. Aryabhata used a geocentric model for the solar system, in which the Sun and Moon are each carried by epicycles which in turn revolve around the Earth. However, despite using a geocentric model, Aryabhata correctly explained how the moons and planets have no light of their own but shine due to the reflection of sunlight.
Furthermore he corrected the flawed belief that eclipses are caused because of the shadows cast by the Earth and Moon and instead explained the correct causes of eclipses. The computational model of Aryabhata was so accurate that in the 18th Century, scientist Guillaume Le Gentil found his calculations regarding the duration of the lunar eclipse of 30th August to be short by only 41 seconds!
Aryabhata explained how the Earth moves around its axis and he also explained how the apparent movements of stars in the night sky is, in fact, a relative motion that is caused by the rotation of the Earth. This bashed the popularly accepted view of the time that this was caused by the rotation of the sky. All this and more is mentioned in the very first chapter of Aryabhatiya where Aryabhata calculates the number of rotations of the Earth in a Yuga one of the four eras defined in Hinduism.
The cause of rising and setting [is that] the sphere of the stars together with the planets [apparently? Aryabhata also penned another major work on astronomical computations, known as the Arya-Siddhanta. However this has been lost through the ages. Later, it was also picked up by famous mathematicians such as Brahmagupta and Bhaskara I.
Arya-Siddhanta makes use of the midnight-day reckoning and is based on the older Surya-Siddhanta. He invented a notation system consisting of alphabet numerals Digits were denoted by alphabet numerals. In this system devanagiri script contain varga letters consonants and avarga letters vowels.
Place-value: Aryabhatta was familiar with the place-value system. His calculations on square root and cube root would not have been possible without the knowledge of place values system and zero.
He has given methods of extracting square root cube root along with their explanation. He used kuttuka method to solve problems. References show. Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica. R Behari, Aryabhata as a mathematician, Indian J. History Sci. Calcutta Math. K Elfering, The area of a triangle and the volume of a pyramid as well as the area of a circle and the surface of the hemisphere in the mathematics of Aryabhata I, Indian J.
Ganitanand, Some mathematical lapses from Aryabhata to Ramanujan, Ganita Bharati 18 1 - 4 , 31 - Education 10 4 , B 69 -B Education 10 2 , B 21 -B Education 7 , B 17 -B P Jha, Aryabhata I : the man and author, Math. Siwan 17 2 , 50 - Siwan 16 3 , 54 - S Kak, The Aryabhata cipher, Cryptologia 12 2 , - Allahabad Univ.
S N Sen, Aryabhata's mathematics, Bull. India 21 , - K S Shukla, Use of hypotenuse in the computation of the equation of the centre under the epicyclic theory in the school of Aryabhata I, Indian J.
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