Exact combinations of strains vary among brands. Information from references 30 and For patients who dislike taking pills or powder, therapeutic yogurt preparations may be preferred option. Traditional yogurts likely do not contain sufficient concentrations of probiotics to deliver the type of CFU doses studied in the clinical trials. Yo-Plus and Stonyfield yogurts contain well-studied probiotic strains B.
Danimals, a drinkable yogurt marketed for children, contains 1 billion live L. More studies are warranted on many food sources of probiotics to provide confidence in effectiveness and dose recommendations. Already a member or subscriber? Log in. Interested in AAFP membership?
Learn more. He received his medical degree from Boston Mass. Reprints are not available from the authors. Health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria. Cordoba, Argentina; Accessed July 2, Clinical effects of probiotics are associated with increased interferon-gamma responses in very young children with atopic dermatitis.
Clin Exp Allergy. Lactobacillus GG: bacteriology and clinical applications. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. Effect of probiotics on gastrointestinal symptoms and small intestinal permeability in children with atopic dermatitis.
J Pediatr. Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet Infect Dis. McFarland LV. Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and the treatment of Clostridium difficile disease.
Am J Gastroenterol. Probiotics in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Use of probiotic Lactobacillus preparation to prevent diarrhoea associated with antibiotics: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. Probiotics for treating infectious diarrhoea. Cochrane Database of Syst Rev. Meta-analysis: Saccharomyces boulardii for treating acute diarrhoea in children.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Probiotics for treatment of acute diarrhoea in children: randomised clinical trial of five different preparations. Effect of a probiotic formula on infections in child care centers: comparison of two probiotic agents. Multicentric study of the effect of milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei on the incidence of diarrhoea.
Int J Clin Pract. The effect of supplementation with milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei strain DN on acute diarrhoea in children attending day care centres.
Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of traveler's diarrhea. In addition to probiotic supplements, L. High cholesterol levels may increase the risk of heart disease. Fortunately, studies suggest that certain probiotics can help reduce cholesterol levels and that L.
Some of these studies have examined probiotics on their own, while others have used milk drinks fermented by probiotics. One study found that taking L. A similar six-week study found that L.
However, there is evidence that combining L. This has been demonstrated in studies using probiotics and prebiotics, both as supplements and in fermented milk drinks 8. Furthermore, a number of other studies have shown that yogurt supplemented with L. This suggests that L. It can be dangerous if it lasts a long time, as it results in fluid loss and, in some cases, dehydration. A number of studies have shown that probiotics like L. Evidence on the ability of L. Some studies have shown a beneficial effect, while others have shown no effect 14 , One meta-analysis involving more than children found that L.
Similarly, it may help reduce diarrhea associated with antibiotics and a common infection called Clostridium difficile , or C. Diarrhea is also common in people who travel to different countries and are exposed to new foods and environments.
When consumed in combination with other probiotics, L. Irritable bowel syndrome IBS affects up to one in five people in certain countries. Its symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating and unusual bowel movements While little is known about the cause of IBS, some research suggests it might be caused by certain types of bacteria in the intestines In a study in 60 people with functional bowel disorders including IBS, taking a combination of L.
A similar study found that L. On the other hand, a study that examined a mixture of L. This might be explained by another study suggesting that taking a low dose of single-strain probiotics for a short duration may improve IBS symptoms the most. Specifically, the study indicates that the best way to take probiotics for IBS is to use single-strain probiotics, rather than a mix, for less than eight weeks, as well as a dose of less than 10 billion colony-forming units CFUs per day Lactobacilli are typically the most common bacteria in the vagina.
They produce lactic acid, which prevents the growth of other harmful bacteria However, in cases of certain vaginal disorders, other species of bacteria begin to outnumber lactobacilli 27 , A number of studies have found taking L. Nevertheless, other studies have found no effect 31 , Eating yogurt that contains L.
Yet, both of the studies that examined this were quite small and would need to be replicated on a larger scale before any conclusions could be made 33 , The bacteria in your intestines help control food digestion and a number of other bodily processes. Probiotics in primary prevention of atopic disease: a randomized placebo controlled trial. Probiotics: delineation of prophylactic and therapeutic benefits. J Med Food. Randomised trial of cranberry-lingonberry juice and Lactobacillus GG drink for the prevention of urinary tract infections in women.
Kopp MV, Salfeld P. Probiotics and prevention of allergic disease. Antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus RY2 isolated from healthy infancy feces on the growth and adhesion characteristics of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli. McFarland LV. Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of traveler's diarrhea.
Travel Med Infect Dis. Protection from gastrointestinal diseases with the use of probiotics. Improved treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis with fluconazole plus probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC Lett Appl Microbiol. Probiotics as adjunctive treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis: a randomized controlled trial. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation in human subjects and their resistance to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection.
Br J Nutr. Reid G. Probiotic agents to protect the urogenital tract against infection. Rerksuppaphol S, Rersuppaphol L.
Randomized controlled trial of probiotics to reduce common cold in schoolchildren. Pediatr Int. Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM affects colonic mucosal opioid receptor expression in patients wit hfunctional abdominal pain - a randomised clinical study.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. The use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with special interest in Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea. Nutr Clin Pract. Rolfe RD. The role of probiotic cultures in the control of gastrointestinal health. Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials.
Lancet Infect Dis. Shanahan F. Probiotics and inflammatory bowel disease: is there a scientific rationale? Sheih YH. Systemic immunity-enhancing effects in health subjects following dietary consumption of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN J Am Coll Nutr. Efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in prevention of nosocomial diarrhea in infants. J Pediatr. Szajewska H, Mrukowicz JZ. Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea in infants and children: a systematic review of published randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. Bacteriocin production and resistance to drugs are advantageous features for lactobacillus acidophilus La, a potential probiotic strain. New Microbiol.
Lactobacillus thearpy for acute infections diarrhea in children: a meta-analysis. Effectiveness of the association of 2 probiotic strains formulated in a slow release vaginal product, in women affected by vulvovaginal candidiasis: a pilot study. If giving L. Depending on the manufacturing processes, you may find some probiotics need refrigeration while others are shelf-stable.
Be sure to store probiotics as directed on the label and minimize contact with air. Lactobacillus acidophilus products are available at health-food stores, supermarkets, drugstores, and online.
Just as there are several forms of acidophilus, there is a variety of formulations as well. You may benefit from reading labels and looking for two things in particular:.
Some probiotic supplements may contain milk allergens or traces of lactose. If you are allergic to milk proteins or lactose intolerant, or if this is of concern because you are vegan, look for a formulation that is labeled "dairy-free. Unlike prescription and over-the-counter drugs, the U. Some products may contain fewer than the stated number of live organisms. Other products may be contaminated with other bacterial strains or ingredients. To ensure you are getting a quality product, look for a trusted independent, third-party seal on the label, such as U.
This can at least give you peace of mind that what is on the product label is what is in the product itself. Lactic acid bacteria are used in the making of many foods, including yogurt, kefir, and buttermilk. Acidophilus, in particular, can be found in yogurt that is made with live acidophilus cultures, as well as other fermented milk products such as kefir. Other sources of acidophilus include:. The number of live organisms varies greatly from option to option due to differences in processing methods.
Look for products sold in the refrigerated section of the grocery or health-food store, which are more likely to contain live cultures than those stored at room temperature. The current research on acidophilus is inconclusive as most studies have used a unique combination of probiotics or different doses, making it difficult to determine its effectiveness and standardized dosing.
While acidophilus may seem harmless because it is found naturally in the body and in many common foods, supplementation isn't right for everyone. If you're considering taking acidophilus for any condition, it's a good idea to consult with your healthcare provider to confirm if it's appropriate and safe for you. Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life.
Sensors Basel. Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Understanding the health benefits of taking probiotics. Harvard Medical School. March Schettle L, Lio PA. Probiotics: The Search for Bacterial Balance. National Eczema Association. Probiotics in the treatment of acute rotavirus diarrhoea. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial using two different probiotic preparations in Bolivian children.
BMC Infect Dis. Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet Infect Dis. Randomized controlled trial of live lactobacillus acidophilus plus bifidobacterium bifidum in prophylaxis of diarrhea during radiotherapy in cervical cancer patients. Radiat Oncol. Probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi versus placebo for the symptoms of bloating in patients with functional bowel disorders: a double-blind study.
J Clin Gastroenterol. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome—a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol. Effects of probiotic type, dose and treatment duration on irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed by Rome III criteria: a meta-analysis.
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