To be able to detonate the dynamite rods he also invented a detonator blasting cap which could be ignited by lighting a fuse. These inventions were made at the same time as the diamond drilling crown and the pneumatic drill came into general use.
Together these inventions drastically reduced the cost of blasting rock, drilling tunnels, building canals and many other forms of construction work. The market for dynamite and detonating caps grew very rapidly and Alfred Nobel also proved himself to be a very skillful entrepreneur and businessman. Over the years he founded factories and laboratories in some 90 different places in more than 20 countries.
Although he lived in Paris much of his life he was constantly traveling. When he was not traveling or engaging in business activities Nobel himself worked intensively in his various laboratories, first in Stockholm and later in Hamburg Germany , Ardeer Scotland , Paris and Sevran France , Karlskoga Sweden and San Remo Italy.
He focused on the development of explosives technology as well as other chemical inventions, including such materials as synthetic rubber and leather, artificial silk, etc. By the time of his death in he had patents. Intensive work and travel did not leave much time for a private life. At the age of 43 he was feeling like an old man. The most qualified applicant turned out to be an Austrian woman, Countess Bertha Kinsky. After working a very short time for Nobel she decided to return to Austria to marry Count Arthur von Suttner.
In spite of this Alfred Nobel and Bertha von Suttner remained friends and kept writing letters to each other for decades. Over the years Bertha von Suttner became increasingly critical of the arms race. She wrote a famous book, Lay Down Your Arms and became a prominent figure in the peace movement. No doubt this influenced Alfred Nobel when he wrote his final will which was to include a Prize for persons or organizations who promoted peace. Nobel was very interested in social and peace-related issues and held what were considered radical views in his era.
In , Nobel received U. To be able to detonate the dynamite rods, Nobel also improved his detonator blasting cap so that it could be ignited by lighting a fuse. In , Nobel invented blasting gelatin, which was more stable and powerful than dynamite and patented it in In , he was granted a French patent for "ballistite," a smokeless blasting powder made from nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin.
While Ballistite was developed as a substitute for black gunpowder , a variation is used today as a solid fuel rocket propellant. His family moved to St. Petersburg in Russia when he was nine years old.
Nobel prided himself on the many countries he lived in during his lifetime and considered himself a world citizen. Hence, the Nobel prize is awarded yearly to people whose work helps humanity. In total, Alfred Nobel held patents in the fields of electrochemistry, optics, biology, and physiology.
Sources and Further Reading. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Use precise geolocation data. Select personalised content. Create a personalised content profile. Sobrero, like Nobel, was a chemist who studied with professor J. Pelouze in Paris, according to the Nobel Prize website. The oil this produced was incredibly explosive, writes Nobel biographer Kenne Fant, and Sobrero considered it too destructive and volatile to have any practical uses.
He had a long interest in the use of explosives, the encyclopedia writes, influenced by the family business selling explosive mines and other equipment. When Nobel returned to St. Petersburg, the family factory was booming thanks to the Crimean War. When the war ended and the firm went into bankruptcy, Nobel and his father turned to developing methods to produce nitroglycerin in quantity for use in construction.
In Nobel began its manufacture in a small plant outside Stockholm—a venture that cost the life of his youngest brother, Emil. Nobel persevered with his goal of developing a safe nitroglycerin explosive, first inventing the blasting cap and then discovering that a silicaceous earth, kieselguhr, would stabilize nitroglycerin, thus making dynamite.
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